Morphometric Analysis of Kalal Badra Basin Using Remote Sensing Techniques and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Natural water resources face many challenges due to changes in global climate conditions, such as scarcity of rainfall, high evaporation rates, rising temperatures, drought, and desertification. Morphometric analysis of a drainage basin is crucial for understanding its hydrological behavior, including flood risks, water resource management, and landscape evolution. Currently, there is a need for more detailed flood and drought risk assessments using modern remote techniques, including morphometric and hydrological data analysis. The present research aims to construct a hydrological model that can explain the effect of hydrological characteristics on water flow in the Kalal Badra basin in Iraq, and to determine its morphological and spatial characteristics. The methodology used herein involves the integration of satellite imagery, digital elevation models (DEM) of SRTM type with a spatial accuracy of 30 meters, automated GIS tools, and temporal analysis to provide essential data for effective environmental and water resource management. In the case of the Badra Basin, the results show that the utilization of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offers an advanced method for analyzing its topographical, geological, and hydrological characteristics.